Echinacea purpurea, also known as purple coneflower, is a plant that has been used in traditional medicine for centuries, particularly to boost the immune system and ward off colds. The extract from this plant, which is obtained from the roots, leaves and flowers, has established itself as a popular dietary supplement to support the immune system and speed up recovery from infections. In this article, you will learn all about the benefits of Echinacea purpurea extract, how it works and how you can use it safely.

What is Echinacea purpurea?

Echinacea purpurea is a perennial plant native to North America where it grows wild. It belongs to the daisy family (Asteraceae) and is known for its distinctive purple flowers. The plant has been used for centuries in traditional Native American medicine, particularly to treat wounds and infections. Today, the plant's extract is mainly used to strengthen the immune system and to prevent and treat colds [1].

Echinacea purpurea is native to the prairies and open woodlands of North America and was originally used as a medicinal plant by indigenous peoples. It grew wild in the United States and Canada and was valued for its medicinal properties. The plant is now cultivated worldwide to meet the growing demand for echinacea extracts for immune support [2].

Echinacea purpurea extract is obtained from the leaves, flowers and roots of the plant. These plant parts are dried and then extracted in a process that often uses ethanol or water. The resulting extract contains a variety of active ingredients such as polysaccharides, flavonoids and caffeic acid derivatives, which are responsible for the immune-boosting properties of the plant. Echinacea extract is available in various forms, including capsules, tinctures and tablets [3].

Health Benefits of Echinacea purpurea

The most well-known benefit of Echinacea purpurea extract is its ability to boost the immune system. Studies show that the extract increases the activity of white blood cells, which play a key role in fighting off infections. Echinacea may help shorten the duration and severity of colds and flu by speeding up the body's immune response. It is often taken preventively to reduce the risk of infection [4].

Echinacea purpurea also has anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce inflammation in the body. This property is particularly useful in treating respiratory infections, but also inflammation caused by injury or chronic disease. The active compounds in Echinacea, particularly the flavonoids and alkamides, have anti-inflammatory effects and can thus help relieve discomfort [5].

Echinacea purpurea is a popular remedy for treating respiratory infections such as colds, bronchitis, and sore throats. The extract helps relieve the symptoms of these infections and speed up recovery. Studies suggest that regular consumption of echinacea can reduce the risk of catching a cold by up to 58% and shorten the duration of the illness by about 1 to 4 days [6].

In addition to its immune-boosting properties, Echinacea purpurea is also used to support skin health. The extract can help treat skin problems such as eczema, acne, and wounds because it has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Applying Echinacea extracts to the skin can promote healing and reduce inflammation [7].

How does Echinacea purpurea work in the body?

Echinacea purpurea works by supporting the immune system on several levels. The plant's active ingredients, such as polysaccharides, alkamides and caffeic acid derivatives, increase the activity and number of white blood cells responsible for fighting pathogens. In addition, echinacea stimulates the production of interferons, which activate the immune system and inhibit viral replication. The plant's anti-inflammatory properties also help reduce swelling and inflammation caused by infections [8].

Recommended dosage and use of Echinacea purpurea

The recommended dosage of Echinacea purpurea extract depends on the method of use. For the prevention of colds and to support the immune system, doses of 300 to 500 mg of extract per day are usually recommended, divided into several doses. In the case of acute colds or infections, higher doses of up to 1,200 mg per day can be used to strengthen the immune defense [9]. It is recommended not to take Echinacea for more than 8 weeks at a time to avoid overstimulation of the immune system.

Echinacea purpurea can be taken preventively to support the immune system during cold and flu season. For the treatment of acute infections, the extract should be taken at the first signs of a cold or flu to speed up the immune response. It is recommended to take Echinacea after a meal to avoid possible stomach upset [10].

Side effects and safety of Echinacea purpurea

Echinacea purpurea is generally considered safe when taken in recommended dosages. It is a natural plant that has been used for centuries without major side effects. However, people with allergies to plants in the Asteraceae family, such as chamomile or marigold, should be cautious as they may have an allergic reaction to echinacea [11]. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should consult a doctor before taking echinacea.

Possible side effects of Echinacea purpurea include gastrointestinal complaints such as nausea or stomach pain, especially at high doses. In rare cases, allergic reactions such as skin rashes or breathing difficulties may occur. People with autoimmune diseases should consult a doctor before taking Echinacea, as the plant stimulates the immune system and could worsen existing conditions [12].

Echinacea purpurea compared to other ingredients

Both Echinacea purpurea and vitamin C are commonly used to support the immune system, but they work in different ways. While Echinacea directly stimulates immune cells, vitamin C helps boost the body's defenses and neutralize free radicals. Both can work synergistically and be taken together to support immune function during cold season [13].

Zinc is an essential mineral that plays a major role in immune system function, especially in fighting off infections. While echinacea increases immune cell activity, zinc acts as an antioxidant and helps maintain immune function. Both can be used together to prevent colds and speed up recovery [14].

Natural Sources of Echinacea purpurea

Echinacea purpurea grows mainly in the prairies of North America and is now cultivated in gardens and fields around the world. The leaves, roots and flowers of the plant are used for medicinal purposes. There are no foods that contain echinacea in relevant quantities, so it is usually taken as a dietary supplement in the form of capsules, teas, tinctures or tablets [15].

Final Thoughts on Echinacea purpurea

Echinacea purpurea is a proven natural remedy that has been used for centuries to strengthen the immune system. It offers a natural and safe way to prevent colds and flu infections and reduce their duration and severity. Whether in the form of capsules, teas or gummy bears - Echinacea can be a valuable supplement to support the immune system and promote health.

references

[1] Examine.com. Echinacea. Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/echinacea/
[2] WebMD. Echinacea - Uses and Benefits. Available at: https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-981/echinacea
[3] Healthline. Echinacea: Benefits, Uses, and Side Effects. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/echinacea
[4] Examine.com. Echinacea and Immune Support. Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/echinacea/
[5] Mayo Clinic. Echinacea for Respiratory Infections. Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements-echinacea/art-20360174
[6] National Institutes of Health. Echinacea and Cold Prevention. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2903728/
[7] Examine.com. Echinacea for Skin Health. Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/echinacea/
[8] Healthline. Echinacea Effects on the Body. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/echinacea-effects
[9] Examine.com. Echinacea Dosage and Usage. Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/echinacea/
[10] Mayo Clinic. Echinacea Supplement Forms. Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements-echinacea/art-20360174
[11] WebMD. Echinacea Side Effects and Safety. Available at: https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-981/echinacea
[12] Healthline. Side Effects of Echinacea. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/echinacea-side-effects
[13] Examine.com. Echinacea vs. Vitamin C. Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/vitamin-c/
[14] Examine.com. Echinacea vs Zinc. Available at: https://examine.com/supplements/zinc/
[15] National Institutes of Health. Natural Sources of Echinacea. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2903728/